Andhra Pradesh is usually considered to be the state with the longest place names. But Karnataka is not far behind.
Some smaller places which come to mind are:
and
And artificially long names can be created, starting with the state capital:
More recently there are:
Don’t ask what B.G. stands for.
Most readers will know the identity of the stations with the longest and shortest names in India.
Copyrights of all these pictures rest with their creators.
We take a look at some other long names, after the undisputed leader;
Here are some others. They are from both North and South:
This category involves initials, which would make a long name if spelt in full: 
This one is not that long, but may be the most difficult to pronounce by non locals:
As for the shortest names, there are two with two letters. One is well known, the other is not so well known though it is odd:
The person seen in the “odd” sign is Vimlesh Chandra, a railway engineer who has collected a vast number of pictures of stations and other items of railway interest.
There are several other stations with 3-letter names:
And this one used to have 3 letters, which was changed to 4 letters for obvious reasons:
This listing is not intended to be comprehensive, but does include the longest name (Venkatanarasimharajuvaripeta) and the shortest names (Ib and Od).
Also see this for a global viewpoint:
http://www.railwaystationlists.co.uk/information/trivia.pdf
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